How to clean walk-in refrigerators/freezers

Walk-in refrigerators and freezers are essential for storing perishable goods and maintaining food safety standards. Over time, spills, food debris, and frost buildup can occur, which requires regular deep cleaning to prevent contamination, maintain energy efficiency, and ensure proper food storage conditions. Here's a detailed guide on deep cleaning your walk-in refrigerators and freezers.

Steps for Cleaning a Walk-In Refrigerator/Freezer

1. Empty the Unit

• Step 1: Transfer all perishable food items to temporary cold storage, such as coolers or a backup refrigerator.
• Step 2: Remove any shelves, trays, or containers.
• Reason: Cleaning with food inside can lead to cross-contamination. Removing all items allows you to thoroughly clean all surfaces and equipment without interference.
• Best Practice: Ensure food is transferred quickly to avoid temperature fluctuations that can spoil perishable items.

2. Turn Off the Power

• Step 1: Switch off the power to the walk-in unit to prevent potential electrical hazards and to stop cold air from circulating while cleaning.
• Step 2: Prop the door open to let warm air in, which will help defrost and loosen any built-up ice.
• Reason: Powering down prevents accidental electric shock, and defrosting helps loosen freezer ice buildup.
• Best Practice: Wait for the interior to reach room temperature before cleaning to avoid freezing cleaning solutions onto the surfaces.

3. Remove Shelves and Clean Them Separately

• Step 1: Remove all removable shelves, racks, and bins.
• Step 2: Soak these items in a large sink filled with hot, soapy water, or use a degreasing solution for any greasy or sticky spots. Let them soak for 30 minutes.
• Step 3: Scrub each piece with a non-abrasive sponge, focusing on corners and crevices where food particles can hide.
• Step 4: Rinse thoroughly and allow them to air dry.
• Reason: Shelves and racks come into direct contact with stored food, and trapped debris can lead to contamination.
• Best Practice: Clean racks and shelves at least weekly, and always ensure they are fully dry before placing them back inside the unit to prevent mold or mildew growth.

4. Clean the Interior Walls and Floor

• Step 1: Clean the interior walls and floor with a mild detergent or a mixture of warm water and vinegar. You can also use a commercial food-safe cleaning solution.
• Step 2: Scrub from top to bottom, focusing on areas with food spills, grease, or frost buildup. Use a brush to tackle tougher spots.
• Step 3: Rinse with clean water and wipe down with a microfiber cloth.
• Reason: Food spills and moisture buildup inside the unit can attract bacteria and mold, compromising food safety.
• Best Practice: Use non-abrasive cleaning tools to avoid damaging the unit's surfaces. Avoid bleach or harsh chemicals, which can leave a strong odor or affect stored food.

5. Clean Door Seals and Gaskets

• Step 1: Use warm, soapy water and a small brush (like a toothbrush) to clean the door seals and gaskets. These areas can collect dirt, mold, and food particles.
• Step 2: Ensure that the seals are fully dry after cleaning.
• Reason: Dirty or damaged gaskets can compromise the airtight seal, allowing cold air to escape and reducing energy efficiency. If not cleaned regularly, they can also harbor bacteria.
• Best Practice: Inspect the gaskets for cracks or wear and replace them if necessary to ensure the unit maintains a proper seal.

6. Defrost and Clean the Evaporator Coils (For Freezers)

• Step 1: If there’s frost buildup around the evaporator coils, let it defrost by keeping the door open. Once defrosted, use a soft brush to gently clean the coils.
• Step 2: Wipe down any condensation that collects during defrosting.
• Reason: Frost buildup can hinder the freezer's efficiency, making it work harder to maintain temperature and leading to higher energy costs.
• Best Practice: Avoid using sharp tools to scrape ice off the coils, as this can damage the unit.

7. Clean the Condenser Coils

• Step 1: Locate the condenser coils, typically found on the exterior or back of the unit.
• Step 2: Use a soft brush or vacuum to remove any accumulated dust or debris. Dirty coils reduce the unit's cooling efficiency.
• Reason: Dust and debris on condenser coils force the unit to work harder, leading to higher energy consumption and potential equipment failure.
• Best Practice: Clean condenser coils every 2-3 months to ensure optimal cooling performance.

8. Clean the Floor Drains

• Step 1: Check the floor drain and use a brush or drain cleaner to remove blockages or build-up.
• Step 2: Pour a solution of water and vinegar or a mild bleach solution into the drain to prevent mold or bacteria growth.
• Reason: Clogged drains can cause water to pool inside the unit, leading to mold growth and unpleasant odors.
• Best Practice: Regularly inspect and clean the drain to prevent blockages and ensure proper drainage.

9. Dry the Interior and Replace Shelves

• Step 1: After cleaning, dry all surfaces with a clean towel or microfiber cloth to prevent mold or mildew from developing in any moist areas.
• Step 2: Replace the shelves, racks, and bins after completely drying.
• Reason: Moisture left inside the refrigerator or freezer can promote mold growth and attract bacteria.
• Best Practice: Use microfiber cloths as they are highly absorbent and minimize the spread of bacteria.

10. Turn the Unit Back On and Restock

• Step 1: After everything is clean and dry, turn the power back on and allow the unit to reach its proper temperature before restocking food.
• Step 2: Before placing food back inside, use a thermometer to ensure the temperature is at the required level.
• Reason: Restocking the unit before it’s at the proper temperature can cause food spoilage.
• Best Practice: Organize the food items neatly, placing older products in front for proper stock rotation and ensuring that air can circulate freely around the items.

Reasons for Deep Cleaning:

Walk-in refrigerators and freezers are high-use areas in any restaurant and are prone to spills, condensation, and bacterial growth. Regular deep cleaning helps prevent food contamination, maintains a healthy storage environment, and ensures the refrigeration system operates efficiently. Neglecting to clean these areas can lead to spoiled food, foul odors, and increased energy costs due to reduced performance.

Best Practices:

• Before Cleaning: Ensure all food is stored safely elsewhere, and unplug the unit to avoid electrical hazards. Always read the manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines to ensure you don't damage any unit parts.
• After Cleaning: Double-check the door seals, inspect for wear and tear, and ensure the temperature returns to the correct levels before restocking food.
• Maintenance Tip: Check for leaks, spills, or frost buildup regularly between deep cleanings to prevent the need for more intensive scrubbing.

How to Keep the Walk-In Refrigerator/Freezer Clean regularly:

To maintain cleanliness in your walk-in refrigerator or freezer daily, wipe up any spills immediately to prevent stains, sticky spots, or bacteria growth. Check for condensation or frost buildup, especially near the door gaskets, and clean them as needed. Regularly inspect and clean the drain to ensure it’s functioning properly. Implementing a daily spot-cleaning routine will reduce the time required for deep cleaning and keep your unit in optimal working condition.